Vaccination

An animal can get sick with infectious diseases at any age. They are especially dangerous for the pet's life in the period up to a year, but even after recovery, complications that caused chronic diseases of the organs may remain. There are diseases that a person should also be afraid of - rabies, leptospirosis, chlamydia.

All these diseases are much easier to prevent than to cure, so vaccination is an important preventive measure that should be taken into account by every owner of a four-legged creature.

Cats are vaccinated against viral rhinotracheitis, calicivirus, chlamydia, panleukopenia and rabies, vaccines against viral leukemia have been created.

In addition, there are vaccines for the prevention and treatment of microsporia and trichophytia (ringworm)

Tatiana Shitova. vaccination. 1 PART

I listened very carefully to the webinar of Olga Serafimovna Syatkovskaya (veterinarian of the veterinary center Haabersti, Tallinn, Estonia). She is one of the best specialists in immunology-virology of cats. So, what we have (I share my personal conclusions).

Most kittens receive a fairly long-term colostral immunity from their mother. According to the dates she named, which coincide with the conclusions of the WSAVA team, the X point is the age of 16 weeks. Double vaccination, carried out according to the standard terms for our country of 8-12 weeks, makes no sense, only increasing the antigenic load on the immunity of the kitten. At best, he will "digest" it without reacting, without developing valuable AT, at worst we will get a sick baby with a high risk of chronization. It is this illiterate vaccination (according to current data on the issue) that is the cause of so many cases of kitten disease upon arrival in a new home. Early double vaccination is neutralized by maternal antibodies, by 16 weeks colostral immunity falls, and this is just the age when most kittens go to new homes, stress-meeting with new animals, some of which may be carriers-excretors, especially if they are vaccinated - the clinic of the disease-a scandal between breeders to find out who is to blame, and illiterate early vaccination is to blame.

If your nursery is at risk for infections: crowding, the presence of carriers who have recently been ill, frequent exhibitions, admission to mating "from the outside" and you need early vaccination, it is recommended to start vaccination from 6 weeks of age four times, from 8 weeks three times with an interval of two to three weeks, so that the last vaccine was administered at the age of 16-17 weeks. If the cat was vaccinated shortly before mating, or you know from the analysis about the presence of high AT titers, as well as in the case of a successful epidermis, vaccination is recommended at the age of over 16 weeks.

According to the recommendations of WSAVA, a single vaccination is sufficient for primary immunization at the age of 16 weeks, provided that a second dose of the vaccine is administered in the interval of 6-12 months. Syatkovskaya is inclined to believe that the primary vaccination, even at the age of 16 weeks, should be carried out twice, with an interval of 2-3 weeks, with the introduction of the third dose after 12 months. Everyone has come to the conclusion that this is enough to create an immune layer in the population, protect an individual in tender childhood and prevent excessive stress on the body, in order to avoid increasing the risks of vaccination. Although the veterinarian still mentions the need for revaccination once every 3-4 years, at least in order for the animal to get a scheduled medical examination.

Syatkovskaya directly confirms my point of view that the disease of kittens on the vaccine is not a sign of carrier in the mother, it is only an individual reaction of the body that has not coped with the load.

An important point that was made at the webinar: a certain number of cats have colostral immunity for rhinotracheitis for only 2 weeks! That is why this age is critical. On my own behalf, I can add that if you have a case of illness or death of kittens at this age, you should re-vaccinate the cat closer to the planned mating, in order to increase the tension of colostral immunity, check the titers of AT before mating. If they are not present, your cat is immune to the virus and kittens closer to the critical period will need to take preventive measures: at least the same polyoxidonium puncture or forvet. There is a wonderful really working drug homeopathic Heel Engistol. Human in tablets or injectable veterinary (not in Russia). Well, everyone has long known L-lysine. In the case of the disease, there is a human drug that works effectively on herpes viruses, Epstein-Barr and the like, including the cat rhinotracheitis virus - Famvir (125mg packaging is convenient for cats) 90 mg per kg (3 weeks of treatment), the drug is strong, I do not recommend it for prevention, and it is difficult to dose kittens.

QUESTION - Please specify: 1 vaccination at 17 weeks, the second?

THE ANSWER is Tatiana Shitova

According to the recommendations of WSAVA, a single vaccination is sufficient for primary immunization at the age of 16 weeks, provided that a second dose of the vaccine is administered in the interval of 6-12 months (the age of the animal). Syatkovskaya is inclined to believe that the primary vaccination, even at the age of 16 weeks, should be carried out twice, with an interval of 2-3 weeks, with the introduction of the third dose after 12 months.

QUESTION - Is it better to vaccinate older than 16 weeks?

THE ANSWER is Tatiana Shitova

Yes, ideally vaccination after 16 weeks. If you have to start vaccination earlier, the last dose should still be administered at 16 weeks or later

QUESTION - Can kittens survive three or four times ?

THE ANSWER is Tatiana Shitova

I don't do that, I'm retelling the opinion of experts. If you carefully read the WSAVA recommendations, there is a phrase there, not verbatim: you need to avoid unnecessary vaccination, so such a rich scheme with an early start is only for disadvantaged nurseries and shelters. The rest are enough to vaccinate after 16 weeks with the introduction of 2 doses after 6 months (up to a year). If a two-time primary vaccination is selected (with an interval of 3 weeks), the third dose is administered after a year.
The kitten's immune system is a critical period

The materials of the book "Practical guide to breeding cats for breeders", Royal Canin were used

In the first weeks of life, the kitten is protected by maternal antibodies transmitted to it with colostrum. But gradually this protection decreases.

As long as the kitten retains a high level of antibodies transmitted to it by its mother, it copes with the aggression of pathogenic microorganisms. The immune system of a puppy or kitten is functionally immature and is not able to effectively produce antibodies against environmental microorganisms (and in particular, microorganisms that cause infectious diseases)

In order for the immune system to start producing its own antibodies, the kitten must go through a period of its development during which its body will be in contact with microorganisms in the absence of protection of maternal antibodies.

This is a critical period during which the level of maternal protection decreases, while the kitten's own defense mechanisms are not yet mature enough to fully resist infectious agents.

The kitten becomes susceptible to all infectious diseases, especially those against which his mother was vaccinated. This phenomenon is called the "paradox of the critical period". If during this period the kitten gets sick, the veterinarian will think first of all about the diseases from which his mother is vaccinated!

In practice: The cub's immune system is ready to function from birth, but it requires "training", which means contact with pathogenic microorganisms. This "training" begins from the 4th week of the kitten's life and poses a certain risk.

If the kitten's body meets with highly pathogenic pathogens, it risks losing in a collision, since it is unable to produce antibodies in the required amount.

Therefore, when keeping kittens, it is recommended to observe all sanitary and hygienic norms and rules, as well as to protect them from contact with all adult animals, except their mother.

The age of about 4 weeks is the beginning of a critical period when the baby is most vulnerable. Own antibodies begin to be produced from the age of 5 weeks, and their required level is established by 3 months of life.

In practice: The critical period lasts from 4 to 12 weeks of the kitten's life, but may vary somewhat depending on the amount of antibodies received with colostrum.

Until the age of 5 weeks, the newborn's body practically does not produce antibodies in sufficient quantities.

The duration of passive maternal protection before the critical period depends on many factors:

- the level of antibodies in colostrum and mother's blood;
- the amount of colostrum consumed by the kitten, access to the mother's nipples and its viability at birth;
- the size of the offspring;
- the rate of decrease in the serum level of antibodies.

If the mother has not been vaccinated against any disease, she will not be able to give the kitten immunity to it, since she does not have it herself. Therefore, the kitten will be susceptible to this disease from birth. And if a cat has never met with any microorganism, it will not be able to help its kittens form their own protective mechanisms.

In a critical period, they pose a danger to the kitten:

- environmental microorganisms;
- infectious diseases of cats - especially to infectious rhinotracheitis, even if the animals in the kennel are vaccinated against it;
- parasites: at the age of 3-5 weeks, kittens have a very high risk of infection with ascarids.

It means:

- females intended for reproduction must be vaccinated;

Vaccination against rabies is recommended to be carried out from the age of 3 months, per year, then annually.

Nobivak Trikat (Intervet, Holland) - against calcivirosis, rhinotracheitis and panleukopenia of cats.
Nobivak Tricat + Nobivak R and ("Intervet", Holland) - against calcivirosis, rhinotracheitis, panleukopenia and rabies of cats.
Quadricat GC + PB (manufacturer Merial France) - against calcivirosis, rhinotracheitis, panleukopenia and rabies of cats.
PureVax RCP (Merial France) - against panleukopenia, calcivirosis, rhinotracheitis of cats.
PureVax RCPCh (Merial France) - against panleukopenia, calcivirosis, rhinotracheitis and chlamydia of cats.
PureVax RCPCh + FeLV (Merial France) - against panleukopenia, calcivirosis, rhinotracheitis, chlamydia and leukemia of cats.
Fel-O-Wax (FORT DODGE, USA) - against calcivirosis, rhinotracheitis, panleukopenia and chlamydia of cats

A new look at the annual vaccination of dogs and cats

The author of this article is Dr. Faulconer, a member of the American Association of Holistic Veterinary Medicine (American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association), the Academy of Veterinary Homeopathy (Academy of Veterinary Homeopathy) and the National Homeopathic Center (National Center of Homeopathy).

William Faulconer, a medical practitioner, works in Austin, Texas, specializing in classical homeopathy. In his spare time, he lectures for pet owners, writes articles for veterinary journals, and shares his experience with traditional and holistic veterinarians across the country. You can visit him, Dick, Jane and Spot on his website.

Efficiency or "Does it work?"

Every procedure to which we subject ourselves or those we care about must be useful; otherwise there is no point in it. This should be obvious, especially when it comes to medical (veterinary) procedures. Vaccination can give animals immunity to dangerous diseases, but how effective and useful is it to repeat this procedure every year, as it is now recommended in many countries?

Immunologists have long recognized the fact that vaccinations against viral diseases give almost lifelong immunity. It is for this reason that you yourself are not forced to undergo annual vaccination against those diseases against which you were vaccinated in early childhood. Any therapist knows that your immune system has already been adequately stimulated in childhood, and the cellular memory responsible for immune reactions will definitely "remember" and signal the immune system to adequately resist the virus if it dares to attack your body.

What is the deep difference between us and our pets, if, unlike us, they are forced to undergo revaccination every year? Let me quote the words of experts in the field of immunology. The following text was published in the publication "Modern Veterinary Therapy", Volume XI, published several years ago (this is a very respected peer-reviewed publication that is published every 4 years and publishes the most up-to-date information on veterinary medicine). The authors of this text are veterinary immunologists Ronald Schultz (University of Wisconsin) and Tom Phillips (Scripps Research Institute).

"Annual revaccination is a practice that began many years ago, which has neither scientific justification nor experimental evidence of its necessity. From the point of view of immunology, there are practically no grounds for annual revaccination. Immunity to viruses persists in animals for years or is generally lifelong.... Moreover, re-inoculation of most viral vaccines does not stimulate anamnestic (secondary) immune response at all.... In our opinion, the practice of annual revaccination should be recognized as ineffective...."

In simple language, this means that every year you spend money (and also risk the health of your pet, which we will talk about below) in order to inject your pet with something that will not benefit him. Immunity, vaccinated at an early age, retains its strength, and it is he who interacts with each subsequent vaccinated vaccine, in fact, neutralizing its effect. Similarly, if you vaccinate a small puppy or kitten too early, then maternal antibodies, which are transmitted to the baby along with maternal immunity, come into opposition with the vaccine and prevent the formation of an immune response to the vaccinated viruses.

I was lucky enough to meet with others. Schultz at a veterinary conference a few years ago. For almost 25 years, he worked with companies selling vaccines for animals, conducting special immunological studies for them. In particular, it was interesting to hear how the "annual" and "three-year" rabies vaccines actually differ. According to the instructions indicated on these products, annual vaccines should be repeated every year, and three—year-old vaccines should be repeated every 3 years.

However, as it turns out, the true difference between these vaccines is in the duration of studies conducted on experimental animals. At the end of the year from the moment of vaccination, the animals were exposed to live rabies virus, after which the survivors were counted and the vaccine was issued with the label "annual". The same vaccine was tested for three years, data was collected, after which it was released with the label "three-year rabies vaccine". In fact, if 5-7 years of research were carried out, then 5 and 7-year-old vaccines could appear on the market. The rabies vaccine is so effective in immunization that most likely it can establish lifelong immunity in an animal at all. The question is: why do we vaccinate rabies every year? Unfortunately, in many countries, animal vaccination laws against rabies completely ignore the actual data of immunology.

And what about the other mandatory vaccines? They also belong to the viral, and in the same way there are no immunological grounds for their annual use. In addition, most of these vaccines are not required by the Vaccination Act. Or the term of their repetition is not stipulated. And some of them are generally useless to vaccinate an animal older than one year.

The recommendations of traditional veterinary medicine are mostly based on fear. If there are "bad bacteria" around that can get us (or our pets), then we want to use something that will give us protection against these "bad bacteria". We have all heard terrible stories about dogs who died from parvovirus infection, so we are advised to be vaccinated against this deadly disease every year (or even twice a year!). But do you know how many adult dogs die from parvovirus every year? Ask this question to your veterinarian. Parvovirus infection is a disease of puppies younger than 12 months, and sometimes elderly dogs with a weak immune system suffer from it as a result of an unhealthy lifestyle (commercial diets and frequent vaccinations!).

So what is the point of getting vaccinated against parvovirus every year for a lifetime? Coronavirus infection is again a disease mainly of puppy age. It causes diarrhea and vomiting in puppies, but differs from Parvovirus in that it is not fatal. So is it worth vaccinating a dog also from such a disease that does not have a fatal outcome and which can be dealt with without consequences for the body? According to others . Schultz, there's no need for that at all. Nevertheless, this and other non-lethal viruses are constantly used in polyvalent (multicomponent) vaccines that are injected into our pets every year.

You may ask, why then does this practice of annual revaccination exist at all? A good question that is being asked of traditional veterinary medicine more and more often. Here is how the well-known researcher of the University of Veterinary Medicine of California-Davis, Professor Neils Pedersen, commented on the requirements for annual vaccination (the comments were published in a very respected traditional journal of the American Association of Veterinary Hospitals):

"the current vaccination practice has no medical justification. The time has come to question the reasonableness of the annual "reinforcement" of vaccinations, the adequacy of the use of polyvalent products (combinations of vaccines, of which DHLPP for dogs and FVRCP for cats are the most famous) and optional vaccines. If we do this, the immunization of pets will finally acquire the status of a medical, not an economic procedure."

If we want to get closer to our goal of having healthy pets, protected from all diseases, we should focus on their cultivation and maintenance, which would be natural for them, appropriate to their nature and allow them to live a free, happy and fulfilling life. Let your pets be as nature has created them, and then they will have an immune system that can adequately respond to any adverse external influence. In our efforts to protect pets from all diseases, we should not forget that their immune system protects them, and not a solution of the vaccine in a syringe.

Safety or "Is it not harmful?"

The annual vaccination of our four-legged friends is not just useless. It can cause significant harm to their health. If someone, even in a white coat, offers you to take some medicine or give an injection, you immediately have two logical questions:

1. Will it benefit me (or will it work)?
2. Is it safe?
 
If we ask these questions about the annual revaccination of animals, and ask them to knowledgeable people, we will get a negative answer twice. We have already understood that the annual revaccination is not effective from the point of view of immunology. But the question of the safety of frequent vaccination is even more important and serious, since in modern veterinary medicine there is more and more evidence of the connection of vaccination with degenerative chronic diseases.

Degenerative diseases have many names: arthritis, hypo- and hyperthyroidism (hypo- and hyperthyroidism), allergies, asthma, inflammatory bowel diseases, recurrent ear infections, skin diseases, heart diseases, diabetes, kidney failure, cancers, etc.

What makes all these diseases especially terrible is that they are interconnected, they are difficult to treat, and they slowly but surely progress, causing the process of degeneration of tissues and organs. This means that a sick animal is gradually fading away, its health is deteriorating, and the best that modern traditional veterinary medicine can give such an animal is supportive treatment that controls symptoms with suppressive (symptom suppressing) therapy.

Such therapy is usually full of problems itself, including side effects from the medications used (often hormonal). This kind of supportive treatment, based on the suppression of symptoms, not infrequently causes new, more serious diseases to come to life. Therefore, the most important task of those who take care of animals is, in principle, to prevent the development of degenerative chronic diseases in their pets.

It usually takes 1-2 months between vaccination and the onset of a chronic disease. For traditional veterinary medicine, this is not "close enough" to make a connection between vaccination and an outbreak of the disease. Nevertheless, this connection exists. This is evidenced by scientific statistics and the life practice of many dog and cat owners.

For the past 10-12 years, an English veterinarian has been asking the same question to his visitors who brought allergic, combed dogs to him for an appointment: "When did the itching start?". The answers of the owners of poor animals are impressive. 75% of the respondents remember exactly that itching in their pets began within 1-2 months from the moment of puppy vaccination. In human medical practice, it is said that there is a link between vaccination of children and childhood autism, while the number of sick children increases sharply with the increase in the number of mandatory childhood vaccines. What do you think is the interval between vaccination and the onset of the disease?

About a month.

In 1996, the results of a scientific study were published, the authors of which studied the problem of a deadly disease of dogs that affects the immune system. This disease is known as immune-dependent hemolytic anemia (IHA). The essence of it is that the dog's immune system attacks its own red blood cells, mistaking them for foreign ones. Needless to say, how dangerous this disease is for the life of an animal, and how large is the percentage of fatal finals, since the vital activity of the body is impossible without red blood cells - "transporters" of oxygen in the blood.

The study involved 58 dogs suffering from ISHA. For 2 years, these dogs were observed in the veterinary clinic at the research institute. One of the questions that were asked to the owners of these dogs was: "Did something precede the beginning of IZGA?"

A statistically significant group of owners replied that, on average, their dogs underwent annual revaccination a month before the onset of the disease. The data obtained were so statistically significant that the authors even titled the report on their study "Vaccine-associated immuno-dependent hemolytic anemia in dogs" (Duval and Giger, J Vet Intern Med 1996; 10:290-295).

In cats in the last 10 years, researchers have identified a clear link between vaccination and malignant tumors. These malignant cell neoplasms occurred in the places where the vaccine was usually injected: on the withers or on the hip of the hind paw. This disease is considered fatal, regardless of the treatment methods used, including permanent surgical intervention.

It is now quite clear that this disease is caused by two specific vaccines: rabies and feline leukemia (leukemia). In 2000, after the link between vaccination and this type of cancer was finally confirmed by numerous studies, the disease received a new name: "Vaccine-associated sarcoma".

Veterinary science has slowly begun to reassess the practice of annual revaccination of animals. In 2000, the American Association of Feline Practitioners issued an official statement against the annual vaccination of cats. Their position was based on a long-term Cornell study in which kittens were vaccinated only once at the age of several months old. Checking grown cats 7 years after the only vaccination clearly showed that they have a working immunity to vaccinated viruses. Frankly, I don't think we need to wait for this to finally reach all the professionals from veterinary medicine.

Thanks to the annual revaccination, we expose our pets to a constant risk of developing degenerative chronic diseases. I am sure that years later we will look back with surprise at today and think how anyone could consider the practice of annual revaccination of animals wise. And how great it would be to remember this with a smile, scratching my twenty-year-old four-legged friend, saying: "We knew. We stopped. That's why we're still together."...

Translated by Elena Ivashchenko
by AustinHolistic.com.
«Vaccinations: A Word of Caution for Our Animals»
by Dr. Will Falconer, DVM.

A source: http://www.fairyspring.ru